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Cardiac amyloidosis is a disorder caused by the deposition of amyloid fibrils in the heart tissue, leading to restrictive cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and arrhythmias. Amyloid fibrils are abnormal proteins that are resistant to degradation, and their deposition can result in impaired cardiac function. It can be classified based on the type of amyloid protein involved, with the two major types being light chain (AL) amyloidosis and transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis. ATTR can be further subdivided into wild-type and hereditary forms.
AMYLOIDOSIS
Group of protein-folding disorders in which >1 organ is infiltrated by proteinaceous deposits known as amyloid
The deposits are derived from 1 of several amyloidogenic precursor proteins, and the prognosis of the disease is determined both by the organ(s) involved and the type of amyloid
Amyloid involvement of the heart (cardiac amyloidosis) carries the worst prognosis of any involved organ, and light-chain (AL) amyloidosis is the most serious form of the disease
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